Opioid Use Disorder Trends from 2002 to 2017 by Cigarette Smoking Status in the United States.

OUDs are increasing in the United States and are associated with difficulty quitting cigarettes. Our data from representative national samples of US individuals showed that although OUD increased among those with both current and former smoking over time, OUD remained significantly higher among persons with current (daily and nondaily) smoking versus persons who formerly smoked cigarettes. In addition, youth with cigarette smoking had particularly high prevalences of OUDs. Cigarette smoking may be important to address alongside OUD to reduce the harmful consequences of OUD and cigarette use especially among younger individuals.