An Unusual Presentation of Merkel Cell Carcinoma in a HIV Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Preethi RamachandranBurak ErdincVladimir GotliebPublished in: Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports (2020)
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, rapidly growing, aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer that generally arises on sun-exposed areas of body such as head, neck, upper limbs, and shoulders of people with light complexity. Typically, MCC presents as shiny, flesh-colored or bluish-red, intracutaneous nodule, possibly with ulceration or crusting. In most of the cases, there is an association with Merkel cell polyomavirus. Even though these are very aggressive tumors, early detection and treatment has always given favorable outcome. There seems to be no consensus in definite prognostic markers, and advanced stages have the worst outcome even with treatment. There has been a recent trend in using PD-I/PD-L1 target therapy rather than chemotherapy in these cancers and have shown to improve survival by many months. In this article, we report a very unusual presentation of MCC first found on left frontoparietal skull as an 8-cm diameter fixed, subcutaneous mass without any typical features of MCC and was found to have metastatic spread to lung and liver. The patient was treated with palliative radiotherapy to brain and chemotherapy with cisplatin/etoposide with addition of immunotherapy later.
Keyphrases
- locally advanced
- skin cancer
- small cell lung cancer
- case report
- early stage
- squamous cell carcinoma
- human immunodeficiency virus
- radiation therapy
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv positive
- hiv infected
- palliative care
- optic nerve
- cell therapy
- bone marrow
- young adults
- hiv testing
- combination therapy
- advanced cancer
- radiation induced
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- south africa
- free survival
- functional connectivity