Measuring Quantitative Cerebral Blood Flow in Healthy Children: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Techniques.
Moss Y ZhaoElizabeth TongRui Duarte ArmindoAmanda WoodwardKristen W YeomMichael E MoseleyGreg ZaharchukPublished in: Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI (2023)
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is an important hemodynamic parameter to evaluate brain health. It can be obtained quantitatively using medical imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography (PET). Although CBF in adults has been widely studied and linked with cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, CBF data in healthy children are sparse due to the challenges in pediatric neuroimaging. An understanding of the factors affecting pediatric CBF and its normal range is crucial to determine the optimal CBF measuring techniques in pediatric neuroradiology. This review focuses on pediatric CBF studies using neuroimaging techniques in 32 articles including 2668 normal subjects ranging from birth to 18 years old. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus and reported following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). We identified factors (such as age, gender, mood, sedation, and fitness) that have significant effects on pediatric CBF quantification. We also investigated factors influencing the CBF measurements in infants. Based on this review, we recommend best practices to improve CBF measurements in pediatric neuroimaging. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
Keyphrases
- positron emission tomography
- systematic review
- magnetic resonance imaging
- cerebral blood flow
- computed tomography
- healthcare
- meta analyses
- high resolution
- young adults
- emergency department
- public health
- randomized controlled trial
- bipolar disorder
- pet ct
- mental health
- risk assessment
- pregnant women
- big data
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- pet imaging
- photodynamic therapy
- mass spectrometry
- resting state
- artificial intelligence
- preterm birth
- multiple sclerosis
- climate change
- social media
- blood brain barrier