Spectrum of Newly Diagnosed Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in a Developing Country in the HAART Era.
Simar Rajan SinghMohit DograSavleen KaurPriya BajgaiBasavaraj TigariSabia HandaDeeksha KatochVishali GuptaMangat R DograAman SharmaRamandeep SinghPublished in: Ocular immunology and inflammation (2018)
Purpose: To characterize the presenting features of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in HIV-positive patients in a developing country in the HAART era.Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients with CMV retinitis seen at a tertiary-care referral center between January 2006 to June 2017. Demographic and clinical data were collected to study the presenting features and risk factors for blindness.Results: Fifty-five patients with treatment-naïve CMV retinitis were enrolled; 75% were males. CD4 counts were below 50 cells/µL in 51.1%. Bilateral presentation was seen in 61.5%. Half (50.6%) of the eyes were blind at first examination. Zone 1 involvement was present in 46% of the eyes. Retinal area involvement > 25% was the only factor associated significantly with higher incidence of blindness (p = 0.016).Conclusions: There was extensive and bilateral presentation of CMV retinitis due to delayed presentation. Screening for CMV retinitis, irrespective of CD4 counts, may help in developing nations.
Keyphrases
- newly diagnosed
- case report
- hiv positive
- optical coherence tomography
- tertiary care
- men who have sex with men
- end stage renal disease
- antiretroviral therapy
- ejection fraction
- epstein barr virus
- induced apoptosis
- chronic kidney disease
- diabetic retinopathy
- hiv infected patients
- peripheral blood
- machine learning
- cross sectional
- oxidative stress
- human immunodeficiency virus
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell proliferation
- artificial intelligence