For certain types of cancer patients, ovarian transplantation has a risk of malignant cancer cell infection. However, the autologous transplantation of an artificial ovary is safe and effective, guarantees the normal development of isolated follicles, regular oocyte maturation, and ovulation, partially restores endocrine function, and enables the patient to regain reproductive ability. Despite the complexity of the natural ovary, some progress has been made in the repair or replacement of reproductive tissues with the use of various biomaterials. This article reviews the physical structure, biomechanical properties, design elements, preparation routes, construction and practical use of natural polymer materials, usually hydrogel scaffolds, such as alginate, fibrin, gelatin, collagen, agarose, and acellular ovarian matrix in the preparation of artificial ovaries. We summarize how these materials can be made into artificial ovaries to achieve the conditions for fertility through follicle and oocyte development and identify several major issues to overcome for the future development of artificial ovaries, including how to establish blood recirculation, and how to establish hormone synthesis and release channels. This review is intended to provide a reference for the use of natural polymer biomaterials in reproductive clinics.
Keyphrases
- tissue engineering
- bone regeneration
- gene expression
- cell therapy
- primary care
- physical activity
- type diabetes
- mental health
- systematic review
- drug delivery
- bone marrow
- randomized controlled trial
- wound healing
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- hyaluronic acid
- current status
- metabolic syndrome
- insulin resistance
- weight loss
- molecularly imprinted
- adipose tissue
- mesenchymal stem cells
- skeletal muscle
- gastric bypass