Natural Products as Modulators of Mitochondrial Dysfunctions Associated with Cardiovascular Diseases: Advances and Opportunities.
Thaise BoeingFrancislaine Aparecida Dos Reis LíveroPriscila de SouzaDanielle Ayr Tavares de AlmeidaGuilherme DonadelEmerson Luiz Botelho LourençoArquimedes GasparottoPublished in: Journal of medicinal food (2023)
The mitochondria have an important role in modulating cell cycle progression, cell survival, and apoptosis. In the adult heart, the cardiac mitochondria have a unique spatial arrangement and occupy nearly one-third the volume of a cardiomyocyte, being highly efficient for converting the products of glucose or fatty acid metabolism into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In cardiomyocytes, the decline of mitochondrial function reduces ATP generation and increases the production of reactive oxygen species, which generates impaired heart function. This is because mitochondria play a key role in maintaining cytosolic calcium concentration and modulation of muscle contraction, as ATP is required to dissociate actin from myosin. Beyond that, mitochondria have a significant role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis because it is evident that patients who have cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have increased mitochondrial DNA damage to the heart and aorta. Many studies have shown that natural products have mitochondria-modulating effects in cardiac diseases, determining them as potential candidates for new medicines. This review outlines the leading plant secondary metabolites and natural compounds derived from microorganisms as modulators of mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with CVDs.
Keyphrases
- reactive oxygen species
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- cell cycle
- dna damage
- highly efficient
- cardiovascular disease
- endoplasmic reticulum
- cell cycle arrest
- heart failure
- fatty acid
- cell proliferation
- end stage renal disease
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- left ventricular
- ejection fraction
- small molecule
- signaling pathway
- angiotensin ii
- pulmonary artery
- aortic valve
- prognostic factors
- risk assessment
- type diabetes
- patient reported
- ms ms
- smooth muscle
- high glucose
- cardiovascular risk factors
- adipose tissue
- metabolic syndrome
- blood glucose