Advances and Challenges in Extremely High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography in Current and Future Analytical Scale Column Formats.

The present study speculates on the potential gain we can expect of a further leap in pressure by moving from the current 1500 bar to a futuristic 3000 bar as well as reviews the main impediments to be expected when trying to realize such systems. The study focuses on so-called "analytical scale" separations, i.e., separations that are currently carried out in 2.1 mm columns, as this is the current state-of-the-art in ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) instrumentation.