Lathyrane and Jatrophane Diterpenoids from Euphorbia helioscopia Evaluated for Cytotoxicity against a Paclitaxel-Resistant A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line.

A phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of Euphorbia helioscopia resulted in the isolation of 27 macrocyclic diterpenoids, including three previously unreported lathyrane derivatives, euphohelioscopoids A-C ( 1 - 3 ). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation. Three jatrophanes, euphoscopin C ( 4 ), euphorbiapene D ( 6 ), and euphoheliosnoid A ( 5 ), showed cytotoxicity against a paclitaxel-resistant A549 human lung cancer cell line with IC 50 values of 6.9, 7.2, and 9.5 μM, respectively, but were inactive against the parent A549 human lung cancer cell line (IC 50 > 10 μM). It was found that jatrophanes with a benzoyloxy or a nicotinoyloxy substituent at C-7 showed more potent cytotoxic activity than their analogues containing acetyloxy and hydroxy groups at this position.