Deep Brain Stimulation for Refractory Focal Epilepsy: Unraveling the Insertional Effect up to Five Months Without Stimulation.

An IE might explain seizure frequency reduction in our cohort. This effect seems to be independent of the number of implanted electrodes and of the target itself. The time course of the blinded subgroup of epilepsy patients suggests a peak of the lesional effect at two to three months after electrode insertion.