Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents considerable obstacles because of its highly aggressive characteristics and limited availability of specific therapeutic interventions. The utilization of monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based immunotherapy is a viable approach to tackle these difficulties. This review aims to examine the present state of mAb-based immunotherapy in TNBC, focusing on the underlying mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and existing challenges. The effectiveness of mAbs in reducing tumor development, regulating immune responses, and changing the tumor microenvironment has been demonstrated in many clinical investigations. The challenges encompass several aspects such as the discovery of biomarkers, understanding resistance mechanisms, managing toxicity, considering costs, and ensuring accessibility. The future is poised to bring forth significant advancements in the field of biomedicine, particularly in the areas of new mAbs, personalized medicine, and precision immunotherapy. In conclusion, mAb-based immunotherapy has promise in revolutionizing the treatment of TNBC, hence providing a possible avenue for enhanced patient outcomes and quality of life.