Randomised clinical trial: faecal microbiota transplantation by colonoscopy plus vancomycin for the treatment of severe refractory Clostridium difficile infection-single versus multiple infusions.

A pseudomembrane-driven FMT protocol consisting of multiple faecal infusions and concomitant vancomycin was significantly more effective than a single faecal transplant followed by vancomycin in curing severe Clostridium difficile infection refractory to antibiotics. Clinical-Trials.gov registration number: NCT03427229.