Until recently, patients diagnosed with locally advanced and metastatic endometrial cancer faced significant challenges in their treatment due to limited options and poor prognostic outcomes. The sequencing of tumors has been a major advancement in its management. It has led to The Cancer Genome Atlas classification currently used in clinical practice and the initiation of several clinical trials for innovative treatments targeting principally signaling pathways, immune checkpoints, DNA integrity, growth factors, hormonal signaling, and metabolism. Numerous clinical trials are investigating a combinatorial approach of these targeted therapies to counter tumoral resistance, cellular compensatory mechanisms, and tumor polyclonality. This review provides a comprehensive overview of historical, current, and promising therapies in advanced and metastatic endometrial cancer. It particularly highlights clinical research on targeted and hormonal therapies, but also immunotherapy, reflecting the evolving landscape of treatment modalities for this disease.
Keyphrases
- endometrial cancer
- squamous cell carcinoma
- locally advanced
- clinical trial
- small cell lung cancer
- rectal cancer
- end stage renal disease
- clinical practice
- single cell
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- signaling pathway
- cancer therapy
- machine learning
- randomized controlled trial
- radiation therapy
- phase ii study
- oxidative stress
- papillary thyroid
- metabolic syndrome
- phase ii
- genome wide
- lymph node
- adipose tissue
- type diabetes
- open label
- skeletal muscle
- young adults
- lymph node metastasis
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- patient reported