Effect of ultrasonic and ball-milling treatment on cell wall, nutrients, and antioxidant capacity of rose (Rosa rugosa) bee pollen, and identification of bioactive components.

This study showed that ultrasonic treatment had greater wall-disruption effects of bee pollen on nutrient release and antioxidant effect promotion. In conclusion, rose bee pollen, with wall-breaking treatments, may have potential value as an ingredient in functional food processing. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.