Comparative effectiveness and safety of intravesical instillation treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Resiniferatoxin (0.1 μM) is more effective at ICPI and ICSI improvement than other agents. More well-designed randomized controlled trials with a large sample size directly comparing the efficacy and safety of those agents are in need in the future to confirm our findings.