On the definition of stigma.
Martin M AndersenSomogy VargaAnna Paldam FolkerPublished in: Journal of evaluation in clinical practice (2022)
We suggest that groups, not individuals, are the target of stigma, though it is individuals who may be the victims of it. We suggest a revised definition of stigma that is more simple, precise, and consistent with the empirical literature on stigma; there is stigma if and only if there is labelling, negative stereotyping, linguistic separation, and power asymmetry.