Emerging Roles of Urine-Derived Components for the Management of Bladder Cancer: One Man's Trash Is Another Man's Treasure.
Sarah MinklerFabrice LucienMichael J KimberDipak Kumar SahooAgnes Bourgois-MochelMargaret MusserChad M JohannesIgor FrankJohn ChevilleKarin AllenspachJonathan P MochelPublished in: Cancers (2021)
Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract in humans, with an estimated global prevalence of 1.1 million cases over 5 years. Because of its high rates of recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy, UBC is one of the most expensive cancers to treat, resulting in significant health care costs. The development of innovative molecular and cellular tools is necessary to refine patient stratification and help predict response to treatment. Urine is an underused resource of biological components shed from bladder tumors, such as exfoliated cells and extracellular vesicles, that could serve as molecular fingerprints and provide valuable biological insights into tumor phenotype and mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy. Additionally, characterization of urine-derived extracellular vesicles and cells could be used as reliable biomarkers for prediction of response to neoadjuvant therapy.
Keyphrases
- induced apoptosis
- urinary tract
- healthcare
- locally advanced
- cell cycle arrest
- rectal cancer
- spinal cord injury
- stem cells
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- signaling pathway
- case report
- radiation therapy
- social media
- bone marrow
- mesenchymal stem cells
- smoking cessation
- health insurance
- pi k akt
- replacement therapy
- cell therapy