In 2023, the Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases celebrates its 70th anniversary. This article reviewed the history of this journal over the past 70 years since its inception. Formerly known as the Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis , the peer-reviewed scientific periodical was established on July 1 st , 1953 with the approval of Chinese Medical Association. During the period from 1953 to 1966, the journal went through its initial growth and cooperation phases, publishing a number of studies on the diagnosis, treatment as well as prevention and control of tuberculosis, leading the academic frontier of tuberculosis prevention and treatment nationwide. From 1978 to 1987, the journal was renamed as the Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory System Diseases , and its focus shifted from tuberculosis alone to a broader field of respiratory diseases. In 1987, the journal assumed its current name the Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. Since then, the journal has been sponsored and published by Chinese Medical Association, and jointly managed by the Chinese Tuberculosis Association and Chinese Respiratory Diseases Association, both branches of the Chinese Medical Association. As of now, the journal has become the most sought after and cited peer-reviewed periodical in the field of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases in China. This article reviewed the journal's historical development with emphasis on some of the key events along the way, such as the name change events, the change of address of the editorial board, the evolution of the journal format, the change of frequency and interval of journal publication, brief biography of all the editors-in-chief, achievements and honors ever won and bestowed upon the journal. The article also discussed some of the key experiences gained along the historical development of the journal, as well as their significance in promoting and facilitating the development and exchange in the field of tuberculosis, respiratory diseases, and multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of these health conditions, and provided an outlook on the future of the journal in the new historical period of high quality development.