Comprehensive Palliative Care Needs in Outpatients with Chronic Heart Failure: A Japanese Cross-Sectional Study.

Dyspnea, drowsiness, insomnia, and anxiety were frequent symptoms in CHF outpatients in Japan. Beyond distressing symptoms, most ambulatory heart failure patients have a need for EOL discussion, which was not associated with disease stage. Assessing comprehensive and multidimensional palliative care needs, including needs for EOL discussion, is advisable among outpatients with CHF.