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Genetic and phenotypic landscape of the major histocompatibilty complex region in the Japanese population.

Jun HirataKazuyoshi HosomichiSaori SakaueMasahiro KanaiHirofumi NakaokaKazuyoshi IshigakiKen SuzukiMasato AkiyamaToshihiro KishikawaKotaro OgawaTatsuo MasudaKenichi YamamotoMakoto HirataKoichi MatsudaYukihide MomozawaIturo InoueMichiaki KuboYoichiro KamataniYukinori Okada
Published in: Nature genetics (2019)
To perform detailed fine-mapping of the major-histocompatibility-complex region, we conducted next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based typing of the 33 human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes in 1,120 individuals of Japanese ancestry, providing a high-resolution allele catalog and linkage-disequilibrium structure of both classical and nonclassical HLA genes. Together with population-specific deep-whole-genome-sequencing data (n = 1,276), we conducted NGS-based HLA, single-nucleotide-variant and indel imputation of large-scale genome-wide-association-study data from 166,190 Japanese individuals. A phenome-wide association study assessing 106 clinical phenotypes identified abundant, significant genotype-phenotype associations across 52 phenotypes. Fine-mapping highlighted multiple association patterns conferring independent risks from classical HLA genes. Region-wide heritability estimates and genetic-correlation network analysis elucidated the polygenic architecture shared across the phenotypes.
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