Alteration of Lipid Metabolism in Prostate Cancer: Multifaceted Oncologic Implications.
Zeković MilicaUroš BumbaširevićMarko ŽivkovićTomislav PejčićPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
Cancer is increasingly recognized as an extraordinarily heterogeneous disease featuring an intricate mutational landscape and vast intra- and intertumor variability on both genetic and phenotypic levels. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent malignant disease among men worldwide. A single metabolic program cannot epitomize the perplexing reprogramming of tumor metabolism needed to sustain the stemness of neoplastic cells and their prominent energy-consuming functional properties, such as intensive proliferation, uncontrolled growth, migration, and invasion. In cancerous tissue, lipids provide the structural integrity of biological membranes, supply energy, influence the regulation of redox homeostasis, contribute to plasticity, angiogenesis and microenvironment reshaping, mediate the modulation of the inflammatory response, and operate as signaling messengers, i.e., lipid mediators affecting myriad processes relevant for the development of the neoplasia. Comprehensive elucidation of the lipid metabolism alterations in PCa, the underlying regulatory mechanisms, and their implications in tumorigenesis and the progression of the disease are gaining growing research interest in the contemporary urologic oncology. Delineation of the unique metabolic signature of the PCa featuring major aberrant pathways including de novo lipogenesis, lipid uptake, storage and compositional reprogramming may provide novel, exciting, and promising avenues for improving diagnosis, risk stratification, and clinical management of such a complex and heterogeneous pathology.
Keyphrases
- prostate cancer
- radical prostatectomy
- inflammatory response
- fatty acid
- stem cells
- induced apoptosis
- palliative care
- type diabetes
- gene expression
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- squamous cell carcinoma
- transcription factor
- oxidative stress
- insulin resistance
- genome wide
- middle aged
- minimally invasive
- quality improvement
- electron transfer