Efficient pesticide formulation and regulation mechanism for improving the deposition of droplets on the leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

The water-in-oil emulsion prepared with solvent oil No. 200 has the smallest dilational modulus, and the spray droplets spread rapidly to the maximum wetting area on the rice leaves, which can be used in an ultra-low volume spray. The results provide new insights into how to increase the deposition of droplets on superhydrophobic leaf surfaces by screening formulations and concentrations. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.