Ultrarapid lytic granule release from CTLs activates Ca 2+ -dependent synaptic resistance pathways in melanoma cells.
Liza FilaliMarie-Pierre PuissegurKevin CortaceroSylvain Cussat-BlancRoxana KhazenNathalie Van AckerFrançois-Xavier FrenoisArnaud AbreuLaurence LamantNicolas MeyerBeatrice VergierSabina MüllerBrienne A McKenzieSalvatore ValituttiPublished in: Science advances (2022)
Human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) exhibit ultrarapid lytic granule secretion, but whether melanoma cells mobilize defense mechanisms with commensurate rapidity remains unknown. We used single-cell time-lapse microscopy to offer high spatiotemporal resolution analyses of subcellular events in melanoma cells upon CTL attack. Target cell perforation initiated an intracellular Ca 2+ wave that propagated outward from the synapse within milliseconds and triggered lysosomal mobilization to the synapse, facilitating membrane repair and conferring resistance to CTL induced cytotoxicity. Inhibition of Ca 2+ flux and silencing of synaptotagmin VII limited synaptic lysosomal exposure and enhanced cytotoxicity. Multiplexed immunohistochemistry of patient melanoma nodules combined with automated image analysis showed that melanoma cells facing CD8 + CTLs in the tumor periphery or peritumoral area exhibited significant lysosomal enrichment. Our results identified synaptic Ca 2+ entry as the definitive trigger for lysosomal deployment to the synapse upon CTL attack and highlighted an unpredicted defensive topology of lysosome distribution in melanoma nodules.
Keyphrases
- single cell
- high throughput
- protein kinase
- rna seq
- endothelial cells
- prefrontal cortex
- single molecule
- high glucose
- high resolution
- deep learning
- stem cells
- case report
- squamous cell carcinoma
- high speed
- skin cancer
- radiation therapy
- locally advanced
- mass spectrometry
- drug induced
- anti inflammatory
- pluripotent stem cells
- stress induced
- basal cell carcinoma