The Protective Effect of Naringenin on Airway Remodeling after Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection by Inhibiting Autophagy-Mediated Lung Inflammation and Fibrosis.
Yan LinDan TanQianna KanZhen XiaoZhiyan JiangPublished in: Mediators of inflammation (2018)
Our previous study has shown that Chinese medicine, Qingfei Tongluo formula (QTF), has a significantly therapeutic effect to Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia (MPP). The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of naringenin (NRG) on MPP which was an important component of QTF. Here, we studied 124 children with or without MPP and compared inflammatory cytokines and fibrinogen-related protein expression with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also employed a BALB/c mouse model of MPP and divided the mice into three groups: ctrl (normal control mice), MPP (MP-infected mice), and MPP + NRG (MP-infected mice treated with NRG). BEAS-2B cells were used to confirm the relationship between autophagy, inflammation, and fibrosis. The results show proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin- [IL-] 6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) expression was significantly increased after MP infection from both clinical and animal experiment. In vivo experimental confirmation showed that NRG treatment decreased MPP-induced lung injury in mice by inhibiting autophagy-mediated inflammatory cytokine expression and pulmonary fibrosis. In vitro experiments confirmed it. These results indicate that NRG treatment suppressed the inflammatory response and pulmonary fibrosis by inhibition of autophagy after MP infection.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- transforming growth factor
- signaling pathway
- pulmonary fibrosis
- high fat diet induced
- cell death
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- inflammatory response
- mouse model
- poor prognosis
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- type diabetes
- rheumatoid arthritis
- young adults
- insulin resistance
- intensive care unit
- respiratory tract
- diabetic rats
- endothelial cells
- replacement therapy
- long non coding rna
- binding protein
- preterm infants
- drug induced
- preterm birth
- toll like receptor
- newly diagnosed
- lps induced
- mechanical ventilation