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Lymphoscintigraphy for the diagnosis of extremity lymphedema: Current controversies regarding protocol, interpretation, and clinical application.

Marco PappalardoMing-Huei Cheng
Published in: Journal of surgical oncology (2019)
Appropriate diagnosis, staging and a further selection of the best treatment are fundamental for the management of patients with extremity lymphedema. Several clinical and imaging tools have been described for these purposes. Lymphoscintigraphy is still considered the gold standard imaging modality for diagnosing lymphedema. However, protocol variability and poor image resolution can make the interpretation challenging. Here, we reviewed technical aspects of lymphoscintigraphy, interpretation of the lymphoscintigraphy findings, staging, and its clinical application.
Keyphrases
  • sentinel lymph node
  • lymph node
  • high resolution
  • randomized controlled trial
  • early stage
  • pet ct
  • neoadjuvant chemotherapy
  • soft tissue
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • machine learning
  • fluorescence imaging