Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammasome in Ischemic Stroke Pathogenesis.
Maria Grazia PuleoSalvatore MiceliTiziana Di ChiaraGiuseppina Maria PizzoVittoriano Della CorteIrene SimonettaAntonio PintoAntonino TuttolomondoPublished in: Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Ischemic stroke (also called cerebral ischemia) is one of the leading causes of death and severe disability worldwide. NLR inflammasomes play a crucial role in sensing cell damage in response to a harmful stimuli and modulating the inflammatory response, promoting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-18 and IL-1β following ischemic injury. Therefore, a neuroprotective effect is achieved by inhibiting the expression, assembly, and secretion of inflammasomes, thus limiting the extent of brain detriment and neurological sequelae. This review aims to illustrate the molecular characteristics, expression levels, and assembly of NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor [NLR] family pyrin-domain-containing 3) inflammasome, the most studied in the literature, in order to discover promising therapeutic implications. In addition, we provide some information regarding the contribution of NLRP1, NLRP2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes to ischemic stroke pathogenesis, highlighting potential therapeutic strategies that require further study.
Keyphrases
- cerebral ischemia
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- blood brain barrier
- brain injury
- poor prognosis
- inflammatory response
- atrial fibrillation
- binding protein
- signaling pathway
- nlrp inflammasome
- systematic review
- oxidative stress
- single cell
- multiple sclerosis
- cell therapy
- long non coding rna
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- immune response
- stem cells
- risk assessment
- functional connectivity
- anti inflammatory
- lps induced
- resting state
- climate change
- human health
- bone marrow
- social media