Update on immunotherapy in the management of gallbladder cancer.
Joseph KassabLudovic SabaGeorges GebraelSami KaisRebecca KassabHampig R KouriePublished in: Immunotherapy (2023)
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a relatively infrequent but highly lethal cancer with a poor prognosis. Management remains challenging and controversial, and most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. However, with the progressive advances in the use of immunotherapies, new treatment modalities are being implemented. In September 2022, the US FDA approved durvalumab (a PD-L1 inhibitor) in combination with chemotherapy for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic GBC. This groundbreaking news is the first FDA approval for the use of immunotherapy in biliary tract cancers. This article reviews the newest advances and trials regarding immunotherapy for GBC.
Keyphrases
- poor prognosis
- papillary thyroid
- locally advanced
- squamous cell carcinoma
- squamous cell
- long non coding rna
- end stage renal disease
- small cell lung cancer
- chronic kidney disease
- lymph node metastasis
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- ejection fraction
- clinical trial
- systematic review
- rectal cancer
- prognostic factors
- drug administration
- young adults
- study protocol
- combination therapy