Adjuvant re-irradiation vs. no early re-irradiation of resected recurrent glioblastoma: pooled comparative cohort analysis from two tertiary centers.

Factors such as MGMT promoter methylation status and treatment interval play crucial roles in determining patient outcomes after second surgery. Personalized treatment strategies should consider these factors to optimize the management of rGBM. Prospective research is needed to define the value of re-RT after second surgery and to inform decision making in this situation.