Extraction of acetanilide herbicides in naked oat (Avena nuda L.) by using ionic-liquid-based matrix solid-phase dispersion-foam flotation solid-phase extraction.

The herbicides in naked oat (Avena nuda L.) samples were extracted, separated, and determined by using ionic-liquid-based matrix solid-phase dispersion-solvent flotation coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. The experimental parameters were optimized and evaluated by a univariate method and orthogonal experiment. A good linear relationship was obtained in the range of 5-5000 µg/kg, and the linear correlation coefficient are between 0.9989∼0.9993. The quantification limits for alachlor, metazachlor, propanil, acetochlor, pretilachlor, metolachlor, and butachlor are 5.03, 2.62, 2.73, 4.58, 7.28, 5.05, 5.78 µg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries of the acetanilide herbicides at spiked concentrations of 10, 100, and 500 µg/kg ranged from 92.1 to 104.7%, and relative standard deviations were equal to or lower than 2.9%.