A Novel Peptide Isolated from Microalgae Isochrysis zhanjiangensis Exhibits Anti-apoptosis and Anti-inflammation in Ox-LDL Induced HUVEC to Improve Atherosclerosis.
Yu PeiYi LuiShengxuan CaiChunxia ZhouPengzhi HongZhong-Ji QianPublished in: Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands) (2022)
In the early stage, oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) caused atherosclerosis, followed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) damage, leading to a variety of cardiovascular related diseases. This study investigated the mechanism of nonapeptide (EMFGTSSET, ETT) isolated from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of Isochrysis zhanjiang on endothelial cell inflammation and apoptosis induced by ox-LDL in atherosclerosis. At the cellular level, the results shown that ETT inhibited the up-regulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) induced by ox-LDL. Furthermore, ETT inhibited the fluorescence intensity of ROS, inflammatory factors (interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α) and the expression of cell adhesion molecules (vascular cell adhesion protein 1 and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1). In addition, it also upregulates nuclear red blood cell 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO -1), p-Akt, and bcl-2 levels. But down-regulated the expression of p-p65, p-IκB-α, p-p38, p-ERK, p-JNK, bax, and cleaved caspase-9/-3 (c-c-9/-3), thereby inhibited ox-LDL induction inflammation and apoptosis of atherosclerosis. Through molecular docking, it was judged that the stable interaction between ETT and LOX-1 and VCAM-1 was maintained through hydrogen bonding. These results can provide a theoretical basis for ETT as a potential substance for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, and further improve the value of Isochrysis zhanjiangensis.
Keyphrases
- low density lipoprotein
- cell adhesion
- oxidative stress
- induced apoptosis
- diabetic rats
- endothelial cells
- cell death
- molecular docking
- cardiovascular disease
- early stage
- dna damage
- signaling pathway
- red blood cell
- high glucose
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- poor prognosis
- cell cycle arrest
- binding protein
- cell proliferation
- pi k akt
- long non coding rna
- type diabetes
- squamous cell carcinoma
- rheumatoid arthritis
- transcription factor
- lymph node
- reactive oxygen species
- molecular dynamics simulations
- combination therapy
- drug induced
- single molecule
- mass spectrometry
- amino acid
- rectal cancer
- vascular endothelial growth factor