Highly active immunomodulatory therapy ameliorates accumulation of disability in moderately advanced and advanced multiple sclerosis.
Nathaniel LizakAlessandra LugaresiRaed AlroughaniJeannette Lechner-ScottMark SleeEva HavrdovaDana HorakovaMaria TrojanoGuillermo IzquierdoPierre DuquetteMarc GirardAlexandre PratPierre GrammondRaymond HuppertsFrancois Grand'MaisonPatrizia SolaEugenio PucciRoberto BergamaschiCelia Oreja-GuevaraVincent Van PeschCristina RamoDaniele SpitaleriGerardo IulianoCavit BozFranco GranellaJavier OlascoagaFreek VerheulCsilla RozsaEdgardo CristianoShlomo FlechterSuzanne HodgkinsonMaria Pia AmatoNorma DeriVilija G JokubaitisTim SpelmanHelmut ButzkuevenTomas Kalinciknull nullPublished in: Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry (2016)
Disease progression during moderately advanced and advanced MS is highly variable and amnesic to prior disease activity. Lower relapse rates and greater time on higher efficacy immunomodulatory therapy after reaching EDSS steps 3, 4 and 6 are associated with a decreased risk of accumulating further disability. Highly effective immunomodulatory therapy ameliorates accumulation of disability in moderately advanced and advanced relapse-onset MS.