The current scientific landscape reflects the urgency to advance therapeutic interventions with over 100 ongoing clinical trials. Heart failure treatment is affected by CA phenotype with poor tolerance of otherwise frequently used medications. Treating comorbidities including atrial fibrillation and valvular disease remains a challenge in CA, driven by technical difficulties and uncertain outcomes. Tafamidis is the first ATTR-stabilizer approved with a rapidly growing rate of clinical use. In parallel, various new therapeutic classes are in late-stage clinical trials including silencers, antibodies and genetic therapy. Managing CA is a critical challenge for future heart failure care. This review delineates the current standard-of-care and scientific landscape of CA therapy.
Keyphrases
- heart failure
- atrial fibrillation
- clinical trial
- healthcare
- left ventricular
- palliative care
- protein kinase
- current status
- quality improvement
- oral anticoagulants
- single cell
- gene expression
- randomized controlled trial
- catheter ablation
- combination therapy
- replacement therapy
- acute coronary syndrome
- venous thromboembolism
- cardiac resynchronization therapy
- adipose tissue
- mesenchymal stem cells
- aortic valve
- cell therapy
- left atrial appendage
- acute heart failure
- affordable care act
- insulin resistance
- mitral valve
- study protocol