Protective Effects of Grape Seed Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins in IPEC-J2- Escherichia coli / Salmonella Typhimurium Co-Culture.
Dóra KovácsNikolett Palkovicsné PézsaÁkos JerzseleMiklós SüthOrsolya FarkasPublished in: Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Intestinal epithelium provides the largest barrier protecting mammalian species from harmful external factors; however, it can be severely compromised by the presence of bacteria in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Antibiotics have been widely used for the prevention and treatment of GI bacterial infections, leading to antimicrobial resistance in human and veterinary medicine alike. In order to decrease antibiotic usage, natural substances, such as flavonoids, are investigated to be used as antibiotic alternatives. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are potential candidates for this purpose owing to their various beneficial effects in humans and animals. In this study, protective effects of grape seed oligomeric proanthocyanidins (GSOPs) were tested in IPEC-J2 porcine intestinal epithelial cells infected with Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium of swine origin. GSOPs were able to alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation and barrier integrity disruption inflicted by bacteria in the co-culture. Furthermore, GSOPs could decrease the adhesion of both bacteria to IPEC-J2 cells. Based on these observations, GSOPs seem to be promising candidates for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal bacterial infections.
Keyphrases
- escherichia coli
- oxidative stress
- antimicrobial resistance
- induced apoptosis
- listeria monocytogenes
- dna damage
- biofilm formation
- staphylococcus aureus
- drinking water
- cell proliferation
- risk assessment
- cystic fibrosis
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- cell cycle arrest
- replacement therapy
- signaling pathway
- climate change
- high resolution
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- candida albicans
- pluripotent stem cells