Exploring the immune-modulating properties of boswellic acid in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Alireza ShadabMohammad Abbasi-KolliEsmaeil YazdanpanahSeyed-Alireza EsmaeiliRasoul BaharlouBahman YousefiDariush HaghmoradPublished in: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica (2024)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition where the central nervous system loses its myelin coating due to autoimmune inflammation. The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) simulates some aspects of human MS. Boswellic acids are natural compounds derived from frankincense extract, known for their anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this research was to investigate therapeutic potential of boswellic acids. Mice were divided into three groups: low-dose (LD), high-dose (HD), and control groups (CTRL). Following EAE induction, the mice received daily doses of boswellic acid for 25 days. Brain tissue damage, clinical symptoms, and levels of TGF-β, IFN-γ, and IL-17 cytokines in cell cultured supernatant of lymphocytes were assessed. Gene expression of transcription factors in brain was measured using real-time PCR. The levels of brain demyelination were significantly lower in the treatment groups compared to the CTRL group. Boswellic acid reduced the severity and duration of EAE symptoms. Furthermore, boswellic acid decreased the amounts of IFN-γ and IL-17, also the expression of T-bet and ROR-γt in brain. On the contrary, it increased the levels of TGF-β and the expression FoxP3 and GATA3. Our findings suggest that boswellic acids possess therapeutic potential for EAE by modulating the immune response and reducing inflammation.
Keyphrases
- multiple sclerosis
- white matter
- immune response
- low dose
- high dose
- oxidative stress
- resting state
- gene expression
- transcription factor
- anti inflammatory
- poor prognosis
- endothelial cells
- functional connectivity
- real time pcr
- cerebral ischemia
- regulatory t cells
- transforming growth factor
- cell therapy
- signaling pathway
- dna methylation
- sleep quality
- high fat diet induced
- cell free
- binding protein
- peripheral blood
- stem cell transplantation
- toll like receptor
- insulin resistance
- type diabetes
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- metabolic syndrome
- inflammatory response
- smoking cessation
- cerebrospinal fluid
- skeletal muscle
- bone marrow