Adaptive immunity to human coronaviruses is widespread but low in magnitude.
Hyon-Xhi TanWen Shi LeeKathleen M WraggChristina NelsonRobyn EsterbauerHannah G KellyThakshila AmarasenaRobert JonesGraham StarkeyBao Zhong WangOsamu YoshinoThomas TiangMichael Lindsay GraysonHelen OpdamRohit D'CostaAngela Vagonull nullLaura K MackayClaire L GordonAdam K WheatleyStephen J KentJennifer J JunoPublished in: Clinical & translational immunology (2021)
Overall, hCoV-specific humoral and cellular memory are independently maintained, with a shared phenotype existing among coronavirus-specific CD4 T cells. This understanding of endemic coronavirus immunity provides insight into the homeostatic maintenance of immune responses that are likely to be critical components of protection against SARS-CoV-2.