Paracoccus marinaquae sp. nov., isolated from coastal water of the Yellow Sea.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and coccoid bacterial strain, designated XHP0099 T , was isolated from the coastal water of the Yellow Sea, China. Growth occurred at 20-37 ℃ (optimum, 28 ℃), pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-8.0), and with 0-7.0% NaCl (optimum, 2.0-3.0%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain XHP0099 T was related to members of the genus Paracoccus and shared the highest sequence similarity with "P. siganidrum" M26 (98.2%), followed by P. alkanivorans 4-2  T (97.6%) and P. alkenifer DSM 11593  T (97.4%). The average nucleotide identity, amino acid identity, and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values of strain XHP0099 T against related members in the genus Paracoccus were below the cut-off points proposed for the delineation of a novel species. The major cellular fatty acids (> 10%) were summed feature 8 (C 18:1 ω7c/C 18:1 ω6c), and C 18:0 . The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-10 and the polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), aminolipid (AL) and unidentified polar lipids (L). The G + C content of the genomic DNA of strain XHP0099 T was 66.0%. Genomic analysis suggested that strain XHP0099 T harbored gene clusters for formaldehyde and the XoxF-type methanol oxidation and type 1 Calvin cycle, which could confer the methylotrophy pathway. Based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic, biochemical and chemotaxonomic analysis, strain XHP0099 T represents a novel species of the genus Paracoccus, for which the name Paracoccus marinaquae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XHP0099 T (= JCM 34661  T  = GDMCC 1.2414  T  = MCCC 1K05846 T ).