Synchronous visceral Kaposi sarcoma and extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma in a patient with AIDS.
Stanley BradshawEstelle OertlingAustin C RezighPublished in: BMJ case reports (2022)
While infection should always lead the differential when a patient with AIDS presents with fever, inflammatory and malignant aetiologies should also be considered. With profound immunocompromise, malignancies can develop as sequelae of viral oncogene expression. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection drives several AIDS-related cancers including Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which can present simultaneously with variable clinical features. Herein, we describe a case of synchronous visceral KS and extracavitary PEL in a patient with AIDS. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy and remains in remission after four cycles. We review other cases of copresenting HHV-8-related malignancies, explore the salient pathomechanisms and clinical features of these cancers and discuss treatment strategies.
Keyphrases
- case report
- antiretroviral therapy
- endothelial cells
- poor prognosis
- sars cov
- oxidative stress
- type diabetes
- insulin resistance
- squamous cell carcinoma
- young adults
- radiation therapy
- intellectual disability
- autism spectrum disorder
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- disease activity
- drug induced
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- long non coding rna
- childhood cancer