Nanovaccine impact on dendritic cells: transcriptome analysis enables new insights into antigen and adjuvant effects.
David PaßlickJonas ReinholzJohanna SimonKeti PiradashviliShuai JiangMengyi LiKatharina LandfesterVolker MailänderPublished in: Nanomedicine (London, England) (2020)
Aim: For vaccines the combination between an antigen and adjuvants are both crucially important to trigger an effective immune response in dendritic cells. Innovative adjuvants like resiquimod or muramyldipeptide have their target protein inside the cell. Materials & methods: Up/downregulation and proteome expression was investigated for the adjuvant combination resiquimod and muramyldipeptide in a soluble form versus encapsulated into a nanocarrier. Results: We found that 1225 genes were upregulated after nanocarrier treatment while 478 genes were downregulated. Most prominent were interferon-stimulated genes with more than 25-times higher expression after nanocarrier treatment, for example RSAD2 and ISG15, which were recently found to have antiviral or antitumor effects. Conclusion: Encapsulation gives a more effective upregulation of vaccine-related genes.
Keyphrases
- dendritic cells
- immune response
- poor prognosis
- drug delivery
- genome wide
- early stage
- regulatory t cells
- binding protein
- bioinformatics analysis
- signaling pathway
- stem cells
- long non coding rna
- genome wide identification
- gene expression
- single cell
- dna methylation
- cell therapy
- inflammatory response
- transcription factor
- combination therapy