Body Mass Index Reduction and Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Meta-Analysis.
Marta Stelmach-MardasBeata Brajer-LuftmannMarta KuśnierczakHalina Batura-GabryelTomasz PiorunekMarcin MardasPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2021)
Although clinical studies have been carried out on the effects of weight reduction in sleep apnea patients, no direct link has been shown between weight reduction and changes in cardio-metabolic risk factors. We aimed to analyze changes in the apnea-hypopnea index and selected cardio-metabolic parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, blood pressure) in relation to the reduction in body mass index in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were searched to combine results from individual studies in a single meta-analysis. We identified 333 relevant articles, from which 30 papers were assigned for full-text review, and finally 10 (seven randomized controlled trials and three nonrandomized studies) were included for data analysis. One unit of body mass index reduction was found to significantly influence changes in the apnea-hypopnea index (-2.83/h; 95% CI: -4.24, -1.41), total cholesterol (-0.12 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.22, -0.01), triglycerides (-0.24 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.46, -0.02), fasting insulin (-7.3 pmol/L; 95% CI: -11.5, -3.1), systolic (-1.86 mmHg; 95% CI: -3.57, -0.15) and diastolic blood pressure (-2.07 mmHg; 95% CI: -3.79, -0.35). Practical application of lifestyle modification resulting in the reduction of one unit of body mass index gives meaningful changes in selected cardio-metabolic risk factors in obstructive sleep apnea patients.
Keyphrases
- obstructive sleep apnea
- body mass index
- blood pressure
- sleep apnea
- positive airway pressure
- risk factors
- end stage renal disease
- systematic review
- physical activity
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- weight gain
- data analysis
- randomized controlled trial
- weight loss
- left ventricular
- prognostic factors
- clinical trial
- cardiovascular disease
- public health
- meta analyses
- patient reported outcomes
- insulin resistance