Schistosomiasis and hydration status: Schistosoma haematobium, but not Schistosoma mansoni increases urine specific gravity among rural Tanzanian women.

Schistosoma haematobium, but not S. mansoni, infection is associated with higher USG and risk of inadequate hydration. Future work should determine whether findings are attributable to parasite-induced debris in urine or urinary tract pathologies and signs of renal damage. Human and non-human primate studies using USG in schistosome-endemic areas should account for schistosomiasis.