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Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Expression in Breast Cancer and Its Association with Carbonic Anhydrase IX and Immune Checkpoints.

Shawn C ChafeNazia RiazSamantha BuruguDongxia GaoSamuel C Y LeungAnna F LeeCheng-Han LeeShoukat DedharTorsten O Nielsen
Published in: Cancers (2021)
The prognostic associations linking G-CSF to immune biomarkers and CAIX strongly support their immunomodulatory roles in the tumour microenvironment.
Keyphrases
  • poor prognosis
  • stem cells
  • peripheral blood
  • cerebrospinal fluid
  • breast cancer risk