Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in around 20-30% of breast cancer tumors. It is associated with a more aggressive disease, higher recurrence rate, and increased mortality. Trastuzumab is a HER2 receptor blocker that has become the standard of care for the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer. The effectiveness of Trastuzumab has been well validated in research as well as in clinical practice. The addition of Trastuzumab to standard of care chemotherapy in clinical trials has been shown to improve outcomes for early stage as well as metastatic HER2 positive breast cancer. The most clinically significant side effect of Trastuzumab is the risk of cardiac myocyte injury, leading to the development of congestive heart failure. The emergence of patterns of resistance to Trastuzumab has led to the discovery of new monoclonal antibodies and other targeted agents aimed at overcoming Trastuzumab resistance and improving survival in patients diagnosed with HER2 positive breast cancers.
Keyphrases
- epidermal growth factor receptor
- positive breast cancer
- tyrosine kinase
- advanced non small cell lung cancer
- heart failure
- early stage
- clinical trial
- healthcare
- metastatic breast cancer
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- randomized controlled trial
- clinical practice
- palliative care
- squamous cell carcinoma
- chronic kidney disease
- left ventricular
- systematic review
- small cell lung cancer
- endothelial cells
- prognostic factors
- quality improvement
- stem cells
- newly diagnosed
- small molecule
- adipose tissue
- high throughput
- free survival
- atrial fibrillation
- binding protein
- cardiovascular disease
- peritoneal dialysis
- mesenchymal stem cells
- locally advanced
- sentinel lymph node
- lymph node
- cell therapy
- cardiovascular events
- skeletal muscle
- patient reported outcomes
- breast cancer risk
- affordable care act
- insulin resistance