Cav-1 Protein Levels in Serum and Infarcted Brain Correlate with Hemorrhagic Volume in a Mouse Model of Thromboembolic Stroke, Independently of rt-PA Administration.
Carme Gubern-MeridaPau ComajoanGemma HuguetIsaac García-YebenesIgnacio LizasoainMaría Angeles MoroIrene Puig-ParnauJuan Manuel SánchezJoaquin SerenaElisabet KádárMar CastellanosPublished in: Molecular neurobiology (2022)
Thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is currently the only FDA-approved drug for acute ischemic stroke. However, its administration is still limited due to the associated increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT). rt-PA may exacerbate blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury by several mechanisms that have not been fully elucidated. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a major structural protein of caveolae, has been linked to the endothelial barrier function. The effects of rt-PA on Cav-1 expression remain largely unknown. Here, Cav-1 protein expression after ischemic conditions, with or without rt-PA administration, was analyzed in a murine thromboembolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and in brain microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells subjected to oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD). Our results show that Cav-1 is overexpressed in endothelial cells of infarcted area and in bEnd.3 cell line after ischemia but there is disagreement regarding rt-PA effects on Cav-1 expression between both experimental models. Delayed rt-PA administration significantly reduced Cav-1 total levels from 24 to 72 h after reoxygenation and increased pCav-1/Cav-1 at 72 h in the bEnd.3 cells while it did not modify Cav-1 immunoreactivity in the infarcted area at 24 h post-MCAO. Importantly, tissue Cav-1 positively correlated with Cav-1 serum levels at 24 h post-MCAO and negatively correlated with the volume of hemorrhage after infarction, the latter supporting a protective role of Cav-1 in cerebral ischemia. In addition, the negative association between baseline serum Cav-1 levels and hemorrhagic volume points to a potential usefulness of baseline serum Cav-1 levels to predict hemorrhagic volume, independently of rt-PA administration.
Keyphrases
- blood brain barrier
- cerebral ischemia
- endothelial cells
- acute ischemic stroke
- induced apoptosis
- mouse model
- poor prognosis
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- atrial fibrillation
- stem cells
- emergency department
- brain injury
- blood pressure
- binding protein
- cell death
- small molecule
- metabolic syndrome
- oxidative stress
- blood glucose
- signaling pathway
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- climate change
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- risk assessment
- adverse drug
- functional connectivity