Novel insights into the role of mitochondria in diabetic cardiomyopathy: molecular mechanisms and potential treatments.
Fumin ZhiQian ZhangLi LiuXing ChangHongtao XuPublished in: Cell stress & chaperones (2023)
Diabetic cardiomyopathy describes decreased myocardial function in diabetic patients in the absence of other heart diseases such as myocardial ischemia and hypertension. Recent studies have defined numerous molecular interactions and signaling events that may account for deleterious changes in mitochondrial dynamics and functions influenced by hyperglycemic stress. A metabolic switch from glucose to fatty acid oxidation to fuel ATP synthesis, mitochondrial oxidative injury resulting from increased mitochondrial ROS production and decreased antioxidant capacity, enhanced mitochondrial fission and defective mitochondrial fusion, impaired mitophagy, and blunted mitochondrial biogenesis are major signatures of mitochondrial pathologies during diabetic cardiomyopathy. This review describes the molecular alterations underlying mitochondrial abnormalities associated with hyperglycemia and discusses their influence on cardiomyocyte viability and function. Based on basic research findings and clinical evidence, diabetic treatment standards and their impact on mitochondrial function, as well as mitochondria-targeted therapies of potential benefit for diabetic cardiomyopathy patients, are also summarized.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- heart failure
- type diabetes
- blood pressure
- fatty acid
- end stage renal disease
- left ventricular
- ejection fraction
- reactive oxygen species
- metabolic syndrome
- chronic kidney disease
- skeletal muscle
- dna methylation
- genome wide
- adipose tissue
- stress induced
- angiotensin ii
- patient reported outcomes
- prognostic factors
- blood glucose
- heat stress