Pediatric and young adult renal cell carcinoma.
Satyajit RayRobert JonesKathy Pritchard-JonesKristina DzhumaMarry van den Heuvel-EibrinkGodelieve TytgatJustine van der BeekGrenville OadesDermot MurphyPublished in: Pediatric blood & cancer (2020)
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rare in children but is the most common renal tumor in adults. Pediatric RCC has different clinical characteristics, histopathology, and treatment compared with adult disease. Databases were reviewed from inception to February 2020, identifying 32 publications pertaining to 350 patients under 27 years. Surgery is the cornerstone for cure in localized RCC. Lymph node dissection remains controversial. Conventional radiotherapy has no curative role in RCC; similarly, conventional chemotherapy has not proven to be effective in large cohorts. Pediatric metastatic RCC has a poor outlook. There are no published prospective studies demonstrating which adjuvant therapy could improve outcome. Sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is recommended in this group despite limited evidence. This review provides an overview for pediatric RCC, including the evolving role of precision medicine.
Keyphrases
- renal cell carcinoma
- young adults
- end stage renal disease
- childhood cancer
- squamous cell carcinoma
- locally advanced
- rectal cancer
- small cell lung cancer
- minimally invasive
- chronic kidney disease
- prognostic factors
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- lymph node
- prostate cancer
- radiation induced
- radiation therapy
- randomized controlled trial
- systematic review
- peritoneal dialysis
- patient reported outcomes
- atrial fibrillation
- combination therapy
- radical prostatectomy
- deep learning