Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Systems to Improve the Activities of Daily Life in Older People.
Ana-Isabel Corregidor-SánchezAntonio Segura-FragosoJuan-José Criado-ÁlvarezMarta Rodríguez-HernándezAlicia Mohedano-MorianoBegoña Polonio-LopezPublished in: International journal of environmental research and public health (2020)
(1) This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments with virtual reality systems (VRSs) on the functional autonomy of older adults versus conventional treatment. (3) Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic data search was carried out, following the PRISMA statement, up to February 2020. We combined results from clinical trials using VRSs for the improvement of basic and instrumental activities of daily living. The guidelines of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions were followed for calculations and risk of bias. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of evidence. (4) Results: The final analysis included 23 studies with a population of 1595 participants. A moderate, but clinically significant, effect was found for basic activities of daily living (BADLs), (Standard Medium Deviation, SMD 0.61; 95% CI: -0.15-1.37; P < 0.001). A small effect was found for instrumental ADLs (Instrumental Activities of daily living, IADLs) (SMD -0.34; 95% CI: -0.82-0.15; P < 0.001). Functional ambulation was the BADL which improved the most (SMD -0.63; 95% CI: -0.86, -0.40; P < 0.001). (5) Conclusion: The use of VRSs is an innovative and feasible technique to support and improve the functional autonomy of community-dwelling older adults. Due to the very low quality of the evidence for our main outcomes, the effects of a VRS on the BADLs and IADLs are uncertain. Clinical trials of a higher methodological quality are necessary to increase the level of knowledge of its actual effectiveness.
Keyphrases
- virtual reality
- clinical trial
- systematic review
- randomized controlled trial
- physical activity
- quality improvement
- clinical practice
- healthcare
- type diabetes
- density functional theory
- molecular dynamics
- high intensity
- electronic health record
- artificial intelligence
- molecular dynamics simulations
- insulin resistance
- replacement therapy
- clinical evaluation