The Potential of miR-21 in Stem Cell Differentiation and its Application in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine.
Mohammad Reza KalhoriMasoud SoleimaniReza AlibakhshiAmir Ali KalhoriParisa MohamadiRasoul AzrehMohammad Hussein FarzaeiPublished in: Stem cell reviews and reports (2023)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two important types of non-coding RNAs that are not translated into protein. These molecules can regulate various biological processes, including stem cell differentiation and self-renewal. One of the first known miRNAs in mammals is miR-21. Cancer-related studies have shown that this miRNA has proto-oncogene activity and is elevated in cancers. However, it is confirmed that miR-21 inhibits stem cell pluripotency and self-renewal and induces differentiation by targeting various genes. Regenerative medicine is a field of medical science that tries to regenerate and repair damaged tissues. Various studies have shown that miR-21 plays an essential role in regenerative medicine by affecting stem cell proliferation and differentiation. In this review, we will discuss the function of miR-21 in regenerative medicine of the liver, nerve, spinal cord, wound, bone, and dental tissues. In addition, the function of natural compounds and lncRNAs will be analyzed as potential regulators of miR-21 expression in regenerative medicine.
Keyphrases
- long non coding rna
- cell proliferation
- poor prognosis
- stem cells
- long noncoding rna
- spinal cord
- cell cycle
- gene expression
- healthcare
- tissue engineering
- public health
- pi k akt
- mesenchymal stem cells
- small molecule
- body composition
- risk assessment
- network analysis
- signaling pathway
- case control
- human health
- genome wide identification