ART implantation failure and miscarriage in patients with elevated intracellular cytokine ratios: response to immune support therapy.

Following immunomodulation, significant improvements in both implantation rate and miscarriage rate were seen in this poor prognosis population. This suggests a possible role for both detailed immuno-evaluation of patients with poor reproductive history with good embryo quality, and application of personalised immunotherapy regimes alongside ART in selected cases. Future randomised controlled trials are needed to definitively evaluate this potentially promising therapeutic approach.