The endothelium is a monolayer of cells lining the inner blood vessels. Endothelial cells (ECs) play indispensable roles in angiogenesis, homeostasis, and immune response under normal physiological conditions, and their dysfunction is closely associated with pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases. Abnormal EC metabolism, especially dysfunctional fatty acid (FA) metabolism, contributes to the development of many diseases including pulmonary hypertension (PH). In this review, we focus on discussing the latest advances in FA metabolism in ECs under normal and pathological conditions with an emphasis on PH. We also highlight areas of research that warrant further investigation.
Keyphrases
- endothelial cells
- fatty acid
- pulmonary hypertension
- immune response
- cardiovascular disease
- induced apoptosis
- oxidative stress
- nitric oxide
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- high glucose
- type diabetes
- cell cycle arrest
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- cardiovascular events
- toll like receptor
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- inflammatory response
- wound healing