Annatto-Derived Tocotrienol Promotes Mineralization of MC3T3-E1 Cells by Enhancing BMP-2 Protein Expression via Inhibiting RhoA Activation and HMG-CoA Reductase Gene Expression.

Wan Nuraini Wan HasanKok-Yong ChinNorzana Abd GhafarIma-Nirwana Soelaiman

Published in: Drug design, development and therapy (2020)

AnTT suppresses the mevalonate pathway by downregulating HMGR gene expression and inhibiting RhoA activation, leading to increased BMP-2 protein in MC3T3-E1 cells. This explains the stimulating effects of AnTT on osteoblast mineralization.

Keyphrases

gene expression
induced apoptosis
signaling pathway
cell cycle arrest
dna methylation
mesenchymal stem cells
endoplasmic reticulum stress
cell death
pi k akt
oxidative stress
amino acid
small molecule
fatty acid