Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Facial Rejuvenation.
Agnieszka SurowieckaJerzy StrużynaPublished in: Journal of personalized medicine (2022)
The interest in regenerative medicine is increasing, and it is a dynamically developing branch of aesthetic surgery. Biocompatible and autologous-derived products such as platelet-rich plasma or adult mesenchymal stem cells are often used for aesthetic purposes. Their application originates from wound healing and orthopaedics. Adipose-derived stem cells are a powerful agent in skin rejuvenation. They secrete growth factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines, stimulate tissue regeneration by promoting the secretion of extracellular proteins and secrete antioxidants that neutralize free radicals. In an office procedure, without cell incubation and counting, the obtained product is stromal vascular fraction, which consists of not only stem cells but also other numerous active cells such as pericytes, preadipocytes, immune cells, and extra-cellular matrix. Adipose-derived stem cells, when injected into dermis, improved skin density and overall skin appearance, and increased skin hydration and number of capillary vessels. The main limitation of mesenchymal stem cell transfers is the survival of the graft. The final outcomes are dependent on many factors, including the age of the patient, technique of fat tissue harvesting, technique of lipoaspirate preparation, and technique of fat graft injection. It is very difficult to compare available studies because of the differences and multitude of techniques used. Fat harvesting is associated with potentially life-threatening complications, such as massive bleeding, embolism, or clots. However, most of the side effects are mild and transient: primarily hematomas, oedema, and mild pain. Mesenchymal stem cells that do not proliferate when injected into dermis promote neoangiogenesis, that is why respectful caution should be taken in the case of oncologic patients. A longer clinical observation on a higher number of participants should be performed to develop reliable indications and guidelines for transferring ADSCs.
Keyphrases
- wound healing
- mesenchymal stem cells
- platelet rich plasma
- stem cells
- cell therapy
- bone marrow
- umbilical cord
- adipose tissue
- soft tissue
- end stage renal disease
- minimally invasive
- chronic kidney disease
- ejection fraction
- induced apoptosis
- single cell
- newly diagnosed
- chronic pain
- fatty acid
- type diabetes
- prognostic factors
- cell cycle arrest
- case report
- radical prostatectomy
- patient reported outcomes
- ionic liquid
- cell death
- prostate cancer
- brain injury
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- peritoneal dialysis
- mass spectrometry
- rectal cancer
- spinal cord
- coronary artery bypass
- weight loss
- insulin resistance
- spinal cord injury
- oxidative stress
- molecularly imprinted
- case control
- robot assisted
- surgical site infection